Older Woman Essay -- essays research papers

Older Women - Hidden Sexual curse VictimsAlthough some other forms of violence within the family put up received increasing attention from professionals and the media over recent years, including the physical annoyance and omission of children, child sexual smear, and domestic violence, elder abuse remains relatively hidden. This is especi in ally true of sexual abuse of older persons. While there are some references to stranger rapes of older women, the topic of elder sexual abuse within the family is rarely addressed in the professional literature, and seldom confronted by social workers, medical personnel or advocates. This is partly true because sexuality is normally associated with younger people. Yet, if sexual abuse is a function of power and control, frail older persons, who often have little power and may be mutually beneficial on others for care, can be extremely vulnerable to sexual mistreatment.Elder sexual abuse is defined as coercing an older person, through for ce, trickery, threats, or other means, into sexual contact against her or his allow for. It often begins with covert activities such as inappropriate remarks and threats, and escalates to more severe types of mistreatment, including the offender forcing the victim to view pornography or to listen to explicit sexual accounts sexualized kissing and fondling oral-genital contact digital penetration vaginal rape anal rape rape by objects maturation (e.g., prostituting or swapping the victim) sadistic acts, and ritualistic abuse.1 The prevalence of elder sexual abuse is not known because no systemic study has been done to determine how far-flung the problem is. Where it is uncovered, it is usually by prominent protective services workers who are called to intervene in other types of mistreatment of older persons, such as physical abuse, neglect or financial exploitation.In the first study of its kind, Holly Ramsey-Klawsnik, Ph.D. in 1991 examined twenty-eight (28) Massachusetts cases in which sexual abuse was identified by elder abuse case workers. All the victims resided in the community (not in nursing homes or other institutional facilities). All were female, ranging in age from 65 to 101, while all but one of the offenders was male. Four out of five of the offenders were care givers to the victims, the vast majority of whom had significant impairments which made them totally dependent on others for dai... ...e services will reduce the victims dependence on the abuser and will also reduce her isolation, both of which contribute significantly to vulnerability to abuse. The rape crisis center and local adult protective services programs should cooperate on other interventions such as legal remedies in order to avoid duplication of effort and to reduce the sloppiness to the client. Vulnerable older persons need and deserve the skilled attention of all those with whom they come into contact in order to reduce their vulnerability to sexual abuse. figure out Cite d1 Ramsey-Klawsnik, Holly, Ph.D. Elder Sexual Abuse Preliminary Findings. Journal of Elder Abuse and Neglect. Vol. 3(3), 1991.2 Ibid.3 Holt, Malcolm G., CSS Elder Sexual Abuse in Britain Preliminary Findings. Journal of Elder Abuse and Neglect. Vol.5(2), 1993.4 Russell, Diane E. Rape in Marriage. Indianapolis Indiana University Press, 1990.5 Ramsey-Klawsnik.6 Illinois Department on Aging, Elder Abuse and Neglect Program FY 1995 Annual Report. Springfield, Illinois, 1996.7 Groth, A.N., The Older Rape Victim and Her Assailant. Geriatric Psychiatry, 203-215, 1978, as cited in Ramsey-Klawsnik.8 Ramsey-Klawsnik

Essay --

Leadership, as shget in the video, is very grand. Leadership is grouping people and influencing them to make up together as one in order to achieve a common goal or vision. It can either be the promoter of cosmea peace, a powerful innovation, or even the initiator of war. Leadership, in both ways, requires someone to do what one loves to do because leaders excel in their own ways and in their own fields of stake. Every day we meet leaders, some from religious organizations, some argon from political parties, school organizations, professional organizations, and others argon from rebellious organizations. In the video, being a leader is shown mainly in how one reacts to the society and environment as a whole. A leader must have clear mission and sense of purpose so that he can foster guidance when chaotic opinions and situations arise. Members roles must be clearly be and the relevance of each must be disseminated. A leader emphasizes the vision so that the team can imagine and follow what they wanted to fulfil in the long run. Also, a leader must set short term goals and track progress of each member or of the team. Adherence to the strategic and tactical plans requires perseverance to attain the desired outcome. Constantly achieving the weekly goals will enable the leader to track the performance of the team, effectiveness of his leadership, and how far they are from the objective. Further, competence is an substantial factor of successful leadership by showing that a leader must be experienced or specialized in the field of interest they have chosen in order to quickly grasp the needed information and react responsively to solve concerns and constraints. But not whole are born(p) competent leaders some gain their expertise along ... ...at all times or perhaps right from the start, it is his perseverance and impatience to stand and experiment again that defines how good he is and where his endeavours will bring him. No matter the odds, it is, afte r all, the courage that matters. Therefore, the video reminds us of the different facets of leadership some are born leader, some are not, some are capable to lead but does wrongly, some are aspirant leaders, and some are warriors. Hence, leadership, in its broad form, has no age limits, no time frames, no rich or poor, no racial and gender discriminations, and nothing at all. The challenges, previously mentioned, are all manageable, it just actually depends how one perceives and faces the obstacles because every problem has solutions. Leadership can actually start anywhere and anytime by anyone - you just have to find your passion and courage to stand and lead.

Molecular Switches :: essays research papers fc

     We live in the technology age. Nearly everyone in America has a computer or at least access to one. How big are the computers you are used to? Most are ab go forth 7" by 17" by 17". Thats a lot of space. These cumbersome units will soon be replaced by something smaller. Much smaller, were talking about computers based on lone(prenominal) molecules. As far off as this sounds, scientists are already making significant inraods into researching the feasability of this.     Our present technology is composed of solid-state microelectronics based upon semiconductors. In the medieval few years, scientists have made momentus discoveries. These advances were in molecular scale electronics, which is based on the idea that molecules can be made into transistors, diodes, conductors, and other components of microcircuits. (Scientific American) Last July, researchers from Hewlitt-Packard and the University of calcium at Los Angeles announ ced that they had made an electronic switch of a layer of several million molecules and rotaxane.           "Rotaxane is a pseudorotaxane. A pseudorotaxane is a           compound consisting of cyclic moles wander by a linear           molecule. It also has no covalant interaction. In rotaxane,           there are bulky blocking groups at each end of the threaded           molecule." (Scientific American)The researchers colligate many of these switches and came up with a rudimentary AND gate. An AND gate is a device which preforms a basic logic function. As much of an achievement as this was, it was whole a baby step. This million-moleculed switch was too large to be useful and could only be used once.      In 1999, researchers at Yale University created m olecular memory out of just one molecule. This is thought to be the "last step down in size" of technology because smaller units are not economical. The memory was created through with(predicate) a process called "self-assembly". "Self-assembly" is where computer engineers "grow" parts and interconnections with chemicals. (Physics News Update, 1999) This single molecule memory is better than the conventional silicon memory (DRAM) because the it live just about one million times longer.            "With the single molecule memory, all a general-purpose           ultimate molecular computer needs now is a bilateral single           molecule switch," says Reed (the head researcher of the           team.) "I anticipate we will see a demonstration of one very            soon." (Yale, 1999)Reed was correct. deep down a year, Cees Dekker and his colleagues at Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands had produced the first single molecule transistor.

Networking :: Free Essay Writer

NetworkingFor my independent study, I concur created a network in my house. A network by definition are more than one computer that are linked together electronically via a protocol (common language) so the computers can communicate and share alternatives. This network improves the periodic life by adding value and usefulness to the computers. The processes and ideas that I have learned thru this be can be applied directly into todays lively electronic business environment. Identifying the needs of the user is the first step for building a well-designed Network. A professional installation was demand to maintain the aesthetics of the rental house. Most of the wires are run in the attic and then down plastic conduit attached to the wall. The conduit is run all the way to the wall boxes where the Ethernet ports are located. each wire is clearly labeled and included in an easy to read formal of the house. This way future tenants will have the ability to utilize the net work. Next, every room needed to have access to the network. In order to minimize the boilersuit use of wires, hubs were placed in strategic locations. An 8-port 10/100-megabit auto-sensing hub is located in the computer room and a 5 port 10-megabit in the sound room. There, needed to be docking stations, so laptop users or visiting computers could easy plug into the network and utilize the pre-existing monitor, keyboard, and mouse. These are the basic needs that have been put into the design of the network.Each computer setup is unique with legitimate strengths and weaknesses. The network takes advantage of the strengths of each separate computer and makes them available to all users. A network essentially expands the capabilities of each computer by increasing functionality thru resource sharing. In the house, there are a total of four computers and two laptops. touch speed and an abundance of ram is not essential for a boniface with such low traffic. Thus the most a ntiquated computer was elected for this function. betwixt all the computers, we have several extra pieces of hardware such as a zip target, CDRW, DVD ROM, scanner, and multiple printers. Each piece of hardware is sprinkle between the computers.There were several immediate efficiencies that occurred when the network went operational. The zip drive is located on the server while the CDRW is located on one of the individual workstations.Networking Free Essay WriterNetworkingFor my independent study, I have created a network in my house. A network by definition are more than one computer that are linked together electronically via a protocol (common language) so the computers can communicate and share resources. This network improves the day-to-day life by adding value and usefulness to the computers. The processes and ideas that I have learned thru this experience can be applied directly into todays rich electronic business environment. Identifying the needs of the user is t he first step for building a well-designed Network. A professional installation was needed to maintain the aesthetics of the rental house. Most of the wires are run in the attic and then down plastic conduit attached to the wall. The conduit is run all the way to the wall boxes where the Ethernet ports are located. Every wire is clearly labeled and included in an easy to read schematic of the house. This way future tenants will have the ability to utilize the network. Next, every room needed to have access to the network. In order to minimize the overall use of wires, hubs were placed in strategic locations. An 8-port 10/100-megabit auto-sensing hub is located in the computer room and a 5 port 10-megabit in the sound room. There, needed to be docking stations, so laptop users or visiting computers could easily plug into the network and utilize the pre-existing monitor, keyboard, and mouse. These are the basic needs that have been put into the design of the network.Each comp uter setup is unique with certain strengths and weaknesses. The network takes advantage of the strengths of each individual computer and makes them available to all users. A network essentially expands the capabilities of each computer by increasing functionality thru resource sharing. In the house, there are a total of four computers and two laptops. Processing speed and an abundance of ram is not essential for a server with such low traffic. Thus the most antiquated computer was elected for this function. Between all the computers, we have several extra pieces of hardware such as a zip drive, CDRW, DVD ROM, scanner, and multiple printers. Each piece of hardware is dispersed between the computers.There were several immediate efficiencies that occurred when the network went operational. The zip drive is located on the server while the CDRW is located on one of the individual workstations.

psycho :: essays research papers

Universal Studios presents the 1960 film Psycho by Alfred Hitchcock, adapted from the Robert Bloch novel by Joseph Stephano, and scored by Bernard Hermann. The film stars Anthony Perkins, Vera Miles, Janet Leigh, and a very creepy house. This film falling under the horror genre was based loosely on the novel of the same allude which drew inspiration from real life serial killer Ed Gein, who has been the motivation for two other popular movies, The Silence of the Lambs and The Texas Chainsaw Massacre. The compute for Psycho ran under one million dollars and was the last film on Alfred Hitchcocks contract with Universal. The film was shot entirely on set at Universal studios except for an early shot of Marion Cranes (Janet Leigh) vehicle parked on the side of the road when she was too tired to continue driving, as well as the car dealership. Due to the budget constraints the films crew were made up of broadly people who were working on the, Alfred Hitchcock Presents television show . The film is some a man named Norman Bates, who runs a motel owned by his family. Norman is a victim of his ill mothers love. His mother becomes violent when Normans wariness has been detracted from her needs. This film is a study of character, suspense, and storytelling all reasons this film is considered an American classic. This film is unique due to several factors its presentation, it contained two different point of views (with an interpreted third point of view), and it has some of the most impressive camera work for its time.Psycho contains many symbols and techniques that pushed the limit of acceptable filmmaking in the 1960s. The violence had to be tamed in such a way that the audience would not be robbed of the experience. Hitchcock accomplished this by making the film in black and white. Not only did it promote him on the monetary front, but he felt the studio and the audience would be able to handle the graphic nature of the film with this technique. Ive interpreted the use of black and white as a tool as to not draw attention away from the focal point of the scenes. Without visual distraction, the peach becomes more attached to each character. Another visual technique is the continuing motif of taxidermy. The characters discuss it briefly, there are some cutaway shots of the animals, but it is mostly left up to the viewer to infer the purpose of the visuals.

psycho :: essays research papers

Universal Studios presents the 1960 film Psycho by Alfred Hitchcock, adapted from the Robert Bloch novel by Joseph Stephano, and scored by Bernard Her gentlemans gentlemann. The film stars Anthony Perkins, Vera Miles, Janet Leigh, and a very creepy house. This film falling low the horror genre was based loosely on the novel of the same name which drew inspiration from real life serial killer Ed Gein, who has been the motivation for two other popular movies, The Silence of the Lambs and The Texas Chainsaw Massacre. The budget for Psycho ran under one million dollars and was the last film on Alfred Hitchcocks contract with Universal. The film was shot entirely on set at Universal studios but for an early shot of Marion Cranes (Janet Leigh) vehicle parked on the side of the road when she was too tired to continue driving, as well as the car dealership. Due to the budget constraints the films crew were made up of mostly people who were working on the, Alfred Hitchcock Presents televi sion show. The film is about a man named Norman Bates, who runs a motel owned by his family. Norman is a victim of his ill mothers love. His mother becomes violent when Normans attention has been detracted from her needs. This film is a study of character, suspense, and storytelling all reasons this film is considered an American classic. This film is unique due to several factors its presentation, it contained two different point of views (with an interpreted third point of view), and it has slightly of the most impressive camera work for its time.Psycho contains many symbols and techniques that pushed the limit of acceptable filmmaking in the 1960s. The violence had to be tamed in such a way that the audience would not be robbed of the experience. Hitchcock accomplished this by making the film in drab and white. Not only did it aid him on the monetary front, but he felt the studio and the audience would be able to handle the graphic nature of the film with this technique. Ive i nterpreted the use of black and white as a tool as to not draw attention away from the focal point of the scenes. Without visual distraction, the viewer becomes more accustomed to each character. Another visual technique is the continuing motif of taxidermy. The characters discuss it briefly, there are some cutaway shots of the animals, but it is mostly left up to the viewer to infer the purpose of the visuals.

Mikume

TITANIUM EXTRACTION ASSIGNMENT 1 1. TiO2+Cl2TiCl4+O2 2. Why is an atmosphere of argon used for this reaction ? The titanium (iv) chloride is added to a reactor in which very pure sodium has been heated to about 5500c -everything being under an innert argon atmosphere. During this reaction the temperature increases to about degree Celsius00 c . The reaction is carried out in an argon atmosphere to prevent magnessium and sodium from reacting with oxygen in the air. 3. Another gas used instead of argon. ny of the elements in convocation O of the periodic remit including helium ,neon,krypton,xenon,and radon which are monoatomic and with limited excemptions chemically innert. 4. Why titanium is an expensive metal Titanium is very expensive because it is akward to extract from ore -for specimen rutile,TiO2 . You cannot use carbon reduction Titanium can not be extracted by trim back the ore using carbon as a cheap step-down agent. The problem is that titanium forms a carbide TiC,if it is heated with carbon,so you dont get the pure metal that you need. The presence of the carbide makes the metal very brittle.That means that you charter to use an alternative reducing agent. In the case of titanium,the reducing agent is either sodium or magnessium. Both of these would ofcoarse first have to be extracted from their ores by expensive processes. 5. The atom preservation of the process used to extract titanium. Total hole of reactants =212g Total mass of desired product=22g Atom economy=mass of desired product *100% total mass of reactants 22*100 =10. 774 212 The total economy of the Kroll process is 10. 3774 . 6. The atom economy will be decline since it was carried out in an pattern situationwhere all factors are constant and there is no external interference but in real situation extal forces identical heat loss,temparature,impurities will refer the system hence a lower valueMikumeTITANIUM EXTRACTION ASSIGNMENT 1 1. TiO2+Cl2TiCl4+O2 2. Why is an atmospher e of argon used for this reaction ? The titanium (iv) chloride is added to a reactor in which very pure sodium has been heated to about 5500c -everything being under an innert argon atmosphere. During this reaction the temperature increases to about 10000 c . The reaction is carried out in an argon atmosphere to prevent magnessium and sodium from reacting with oxygen in the air. 3. Another gas used instead of argon. ny of the elements in group O of the periodic table including helium ,neon,krypton,xenon,and radon which are monoatomic and with limited excemptions chemically innert. 4. Why titanium is an expensive metal Titanium is very expensive because it is akward to extract from ore -for example rutile,TiO2 . You cannot use carbon reduction Titanium can not be extracted by reducing the ore using carbon as a cheap reducing agent. The problem is that titanium forms a carbide TiC,if it is heated with carbon,so you dont get the pure metal that you need. The presence of the carbide mak es the metal very brittle.That means that you have to use an alternative reducing agent. In the case of titanium,the reducing agent is either sodium or magnessium. Both of these would ofcoarse first have to be extracted from their ores by expensive processes. 5. The atom economy of the process used to extract titanium. Total mass of reactants =212g Total mass of desired product=22g Atom economy=mass of desired product *100% total mass of reactants 22*100 =10. 774 212 The total economy of the Kroll process is 10. 3774 . 6. The atom economy will be lower since it was carried out in an ideal situationwhere all factors are constant and there is no external interference but in real situation extal forces like heat loss,temparature,impurities will affect the system hence a lower value

Glasser Essay

This would be a clear departure from Freuds lengthy approach where the counselor would interpret the lymph glands tier or aliveness experience. Rogers believed, using empathetic understanding and unconditional positive regard people would have the potential given the proper tools to resolve their give birth problems.Rogers identified accurate empathetic understanding as another critical task of therapists. Choice Theory / human race Therapy William Glasser, born May 11, 1925 is an American psychiatrist who developed Choice Theory / Reality Therapy in the early sixties therapies. Choice Theory is an explanation of human behaviour developed by Dr. William Glasser. Reality Therapy is the application of Choice Theory within the context of helping relationships Glasser first developed this approach to use working in schools for troubled adolescents and may rationalize his life-long interest in both therapy and education.In 1985 the Institute of Guidance Counsellors arranged for Dr. Glasser to visit Ireland. By 1987 the Irish branch of the William Glasser Institute was founded and now co-ordinates training passim Ireland. Reality Therapy continues to grow all over the world today. Choice theory rests on an assumption that we are always free to choose. Comparative Analysis The man therapist teaches the client ways to try to control the world around them and how to meet their personal needs. They believe that the client can and go out change their life for the better.The reality therapist focuses on the clients actions and why they act the way they do. They point out what the client doing and in getting them to evaluate it. The belief is that the behavioral or emotional problem is a direct result of the clients feelings about themselves. The therapist will help the client evaluate their behaviors and feelings, to challenge them to accommodate more effective at meeting their needs. With Person-centered therapy the therapist will attempt to move the client tow ards self awareness, helping the client to experience previously denied feelings.They will teach the client to trust themselves and to use this trust to find their direction in life. Person Centered makes the client aware of their problems and then guides them to a subject matter of resolve them. The therapist and client must have faith that the client can and will find direction. The therapist will try to motivate the client in fully experiencing and expressing their feelings. Person-centered therapy believes that good mental health is a balance between the ideal self.

Bullwhip Effect in Supply Chain

tally Chain Class Module 2, Lesson 3 Question 1 Develop a small group consensus on the impact ( ontogenesiss, decreases, no effect) of the Bullwhip Effect on two of the following six supply chain cognitive operation measures manufacturing constitute, scrutinise cost, replenishment lead magazine, transportation cost, shipping and receiving cost, level of carrefour availability profitability. One of the two measures that your team chooses must be scrutinize cost. For broth cost, be certain to be specific about the kinds of inventory cost impacted (in-storage cycle stock carrying costs, battle array of magnitude costs, stockout costs, or gumshoe stock carrying costs).Clearly explain your groups reasoning or rationale for the impact you pass water agreed to that is c arfully explain why the bullwhip effect either increases, decreases of has no effect on the given performance measure. In each of your explanations, drill overthrow into the factors that drive each measure, expla ining how those factors are affected by the Bullwhip effect. MANUFACTURING COSTS It is the consensus of Team 10 that the bullwhip effect increases costs associated with the manufacturing of produces.We know that the bullwhip effect results in an amplification of the stochastic variable of proceeds and genuine demand as one travels upstream in the supply chain from consumer to material suppliers. In most cases the manufacturer of products will be removed from the actual consumer by multiple layers in the supply chain. The variation in demand (variation in orders) that the manufacturer will experience will be signifi nominatetly greater than the variation in demand from the actual consumers. There are several costs incurred in the manufacturing of products. Among these costs are direct material costs, direct labor costs and overhead costs.The increased variability in quantity of products demanded from the manufacturer has an impact on each of these items. For most manufactured pro ducts, the cost of materials is a signifi potfult portion of the cost of the end item. As the demand for products varies from the manufacturer, these swings in demand are amplified and passed on to the material suppliers and various other sub-suppliers. During periods of full(prenominal) demand, the manufacturer is more likely to be forced to pay the material suppliers and sub-suppliers additional fees to expedite shipments.During periods of low demand, the manufacturer is more likely to find itself with a huge stock of unused material on hand. These variations besides make it more difficult to negotiate competitive costs with the suppliers, further adding to the cost of the bullwhip effect. In an labour to protect against some of this variation, manufacturers will often stockpile materials, adding further warehousing and capital costs. Labor costs are another key component of the marrow cost of most products, including products which may be manufactured offshore in low-wage co untries.In periods of extremely high demand, manufacturers are faced with an option of either hiring more employees or urinateing their existing employees longer hours and paying overtime. Most companies are extremely reluctant to hire additional workers, dissevericularly if they nominate reason to imagine that the spike in demand will only be temporary. As a result, companies will typically choose to work longer hours and pay overtime wages to their employees. Paying overtime is costly, not only from a wage stand tailor but also from an effectiveness standpoint.Employees are not robots, and diminishing peripheral return should be expected when working employees longer hours. As hours go up, productivity typically declines at a rate that increases as the severity of the work schedule increases. The result is an increasing cost per unit of the products produced. Likewise, when product demand is extremely low, employees are not able to be utilized as effectively and labor cost per unit also increases. Further, there are the overhead costs which are affected by the variation in demand amplified by the bullwhip effect.When manufacturers create facilities and purchase processing equipment, they often size their operations based upon what they believe will be the highest levels of demand for their products. When demand for products varies greatly, the frequent result is that the processes, equipment and facilities are supernumeraryively large (and costly) compared to what the legitimate demand might actually require. This results not only in excessive costs to set up these operations, but it also fecal matter create a scenario where it becomes difficult to operate these facilities efficiently when the production requirements are lower.Another element for consideration is the cost of quality. Manufacturing operations thrive on consistency. When manufacturers have to contend with wildly-varying production schedules, there is an increase in the state of flux in the operations. This can take the form of delayed maintenance on machines, deteriorate workers, using alternate suppliers for materials, etc. All of these elements that are exacerbated by large swings in production schedule can contribute to higher scrap rates, manufacturing errors, equipment downtime and, potentially, product defects that reach the consumer.INVENTORY COSTS Demand variability amplification can have a significant impact on increasing inventory costs. Business Dictionary. com defines inventory costs as the cost of holding goods in stock. Expressed usually as a percentage of the inventory value, it includes capital, warehousing, depreciation, insurance, taxation, obsolescence, and shrinkage costs. Typically, the inventory costs increase due to excessive or obsolete inventory as a result of poor demand forecasting. This situation is clearly defined in an bind about Ciscos take in to write-off $2. billion in inventory in 2001. However, one must dive deeper into spe cific inventory performance measures to better understand the effects of the bullwhip effect on inventory costs. Safety Stock Safety stock can be defined as inventory held as damp against mismatch between forecasted and actual consumption or demand, between expected and actual delivery time, and unforeseen emergencies. From a positive standpoint, preventive stock can help to potentially reduce stock out situations however is also contributes to the bullwhip effect.Specifically with demand forecast updating using exponential smoothing, ordering of safety stock will create larger swings for suppliers and even move for orders placed to the manufacturer (Lee, p 95). Furthermore, poorly ordered safety stock that becomes excess or obsolete can lead to increased expense or in a worst-case scenario, written-off or scrapped completely. Stockout Cost Stockout cost, also called shortage cost, is defined as the economic consequences of not being able to meet an internal or external demand fro m the current inventory. Such costs consist of internal costs (delays, labor time wastage, lost production, etc. and external costs (loss of profit from lost barters, and loss of future profit due to loss of goodwill). One shell of stockout cost can be attributed to poorly updated demand forecast where the appropriate amount of inventory was not planned for the current demand. This is in contrast to the safety stock example which leads to an increase in inventory and excess or obsolete material. Another cause is rationing and shortage gaming where the demand for the product exceeded the supply (Lee, p97). The stockout cost is the expense of the lost sales or the potential of losing the customer loyalty completely to a fierce competitor.Module 2, Lesson 3 Question 2 At the end of the article Bullwhip Effect in Supply Chains by Lee, et. al. , is Table 1. In this table Lee presents a number of initiatives, much(prenominal) as vendor-managed inventory, for counteracting the four caus es of the Bullwhip Effect. Select one or more of the initiatives and develop a small group consensus on a list of the top 5 impediments to the initiatives that you have selected five impediments in total, not five impediments for each initiative that you select. Select two impediments and for each impediment please explicitly explain why the impediment is difficult to overcome.Finally in your groups opinion, which of your impediments is typically the most difficult to overcome? Please explain why. BULLWHIP EFFECT COUNTERMEASURES EDI, VMI, ECHELON-BASED INVENTORY SYSTEMS There is a range of initiatives to mitigate the effects of the bullwhip effect, or amplified distortions in replenishing orders. Through EDI and vendor managed inventory (VMI), distortions may be reduced through transparent overlap of real time demand information through the entire supply chain. Demand distortion begins with faulty assumptions underlying future demand projections.One counter-measure for this challe nge is real time fill in of information and increased transparency at point of sale. M either retailers use selective information generated at point of sale to automatically adjust their inventories and start out reorder as inventories are depleted. Simultaneous transmission of this data to the supplier would facilitate a clearer view of consumption and retail inventory. Point of sale EDI overlap across the supply chain from the manufacturer to retail outlet, would smooth the orders and prevent demand distortion that occurs with regression driven forecasts.increase control of the total inventory can be achieved with echelon inventory management, through cooperative information sharing and a jointly agreed upon single point of inventory control. One model for this is vendor-managed inventory (VMI) which is a continuous replenishment of inventory based upon a push from the supply to the retail outlet based on EDI signals at point of sale and inventory depletion. ECHELON-BASED INVEN TORY SYSTEMS Echelon-based inventory systems allow transparency of the inventory flow of the down-stream levels in the supply chain by the upstream levels.This acts to reduce the bullwhip effect by preventing exaggeration of demand fluctuations by multiple levels in the chain. This is a useful policy, but it can be difficult to implement. First, one must consider the impartiality of the source of the information. If an upstream member of the chain intends to rely on reports generated by the downriver member, trust must be a mutual component of the relationship. The downstream company may feel that it doesnt want to share the information about their own inventory and/or demand, especially if it engages (or has any intention of engaging) in a practice of shortage gaming.Some elements of the shared data can be filtered, if this is found to be helpful to the downstream member. If the downstream member engages in price hedging or shortage gaming, the increased transparency to the upstr eam member would inhibit or completely prevent the downstream company from harnessing the perceived buffer that the practice enables. Some elements of the shared data can be filtered, if mutually agreeable to all members of the supply chain. Through non-disclosure agreements and data parsing, streams of proprietary data can be cleansed to be less sensitive.Connectivity of various run systems is another hurdle. Many suppliers and retailers will not allow direct feed of data into their core operating systems, requiring a data merge in a safe environment that then can share data between the operating systems of the companies exchanging data. The work of scour data and developing the necessary connectivity also requires IT resources. One must also consider the utility of information that is constantly changing. The value of inventory data to the upstream member could be limited as it changes continuously and obsolesces almost as soon as its generated.The upstream member must always be willing to loosely interpret the inventory and demand data since an unusually large order, or an unusual decline in orders, could occur at any time. Also, downstream members transparency leads the upstream member to increase the frequency with which they update their demand forecasting. Frequently updating these forecasts is itself a bullwhip effect-exacerbating practice, so the upstream member would need to exercise discretion in its policies on how it reacts to the information that it receives from downstream.Implementation of these initiatives requires addressing and overcoming certain impediments Trust between supply chain partners or perceived competitive risk information integrity challenges with changing/obsolete data Reduced downstream gaming ability (shortage and price hedge forward buying) Information technology resources to facilitate connectivity Increased frequency of upstream re-forecast due to downstream transparency The two most difficult impediments are the first two trust amongst supply chain partners, and the challenges of sharing meaningful data.Trust Perceived Competitive Risk The challenge with establishing trust amongst supply chain partners is one of competitive risk. The real time data on point of sale, inventories held, or pricing activities engaged are all considered proprietary. The sharing of that data requires trust through the entire supply chain, and a willingness to incur significant legal, technological, and uninflected resources to develop and deliver data that is accurate and meaningful.Lack of transparency and trust on the part of down stream members is the primary driver of the shortage and price gaming, to take a leak inventories and prevent stock-outs or hedge for future price increases. In order to share transparent information through the supply chain, legal and technological vault must be addressed to reduce competitive risk, and allow necessary trust through protective agreements (NDA) and safe systems connecti vity. Through non-disclosure agreements and data parsing streams of proprietary data can be cleansed to be less sensitive and reduced competitive risk. ) Data Integrity Changing and Obsolete Information The real time exchange of information supports accurate forecasts and timely order replenishment only if that data is meaningful. Data is meaningful if it clearly conveys the supply/demand picture. Upstream suppliers must be able to see the sale/demand data and existing inventory data in real time in order to push order replenishment. If downstream members obscure the inventories to retain shortage gaming power, this will impact the accuracy of the inventory replenishment trigger to the upstream supplier.Connected systems are susceptible to cross-system failures. fallible data in one system pollutes the forecast assumptions of the connected systems. Cadence of exchange, or timing of the data flows is a factor in relevance. If sales or order cancellations have changed inventories si gnificantly since the last update, the information exchanged can be obsolete. The bullwhip effect is culmination of iterative forecast variations, and self-protecting defensive actions on the part of supply chain members to hedge uncertainty. With increased trust and transparency, the forecast variations and uncertainty can be reduced.With collaboration through the entire supply chain, trust can be built, real time, meaningful data exchanged, and the cost of surplus inventories taken out of the chain. 1 . Comments on Information Distortion in a Supply Chain The Bullwhip Effect by Lee, H. L. Padmanabhan, V. and Whang, S. , p 1888 2 . http//www. businessdictionary. com/definition/safety-stock. htmlixzz286djGuPB). 3 . http//www. businessdictionary. com/definition/stockout-costs. htmlixzz286iDNySD

Improving a company?

Improving a companys system helps aid in its success in todays grocery as well as in the future of the companys growth and stabilization. This new system that lead enable the company to promptly accomplish these requirements without hesitation and will not interfere with the companys time management protocols or add extra unneeded expenses.An education system that more specifically is a network computer architecture in which each computer or process on the network is either a client or a server Servers are brawny computers or processes dedicated to managing disk drives (file rivers), printers (print servers), or network traffic (network servers). Clients are PCs or workstations on which users run applications. Clients rely on servers for resources, such as files, devices, and until now processing power. (Whooped, 2014) The Trusted Computing Base (ETC) is the part of a system that is responsible for enforcing system-wide information security policies.The user can define user as senting to the trusted communication path, which allows secure communication between regular users and the ETC, by installing and using the ETC. The system administrator must determine how a great deal trust can be given to a particular program. In the ring of trust musical model, the outer rings contain a lower train of security, and systems requiring higher levels of security are located inside the inner rings. To move from an outer ring into an inner ring, extra security mechanisms are encountered. (Smith, 2013) the servers will be secure and have all the securities that Ordain would like and need.There will be little or no down time to create the new sincereistic servers and business will not be effected. Also the disaster recovery rate is much quicker in case of a crash. The information is back up so in case of a crash the information can be derived quick. The information gets to the end user much more quickly than having a physical server. Physical server machines get d irty and overloaded with old files and information that is no longer needed or wanted. All information passed through the organization will be reckoned to protect vital aspects of the company operations.The realistic machine running the share point will house the encoding piece for information traffic. Utilizing a realistic server in this aspect will allow end users to generate reports by department in real time with little or no help from an information technology professional. The use of firewalls and even a virtual firewall is also recommended to protect Radians information. A virtual firewall is a firewall device or service that provides network traffic filtering and monitoring for virtual machines.A virtual firewall is deployed, executed and operated from a virtual machine. Virtual firewall formats include stand-alone software Integrated SO kernel component. A virtual security providers dedicated hardware platform A virtual firewall operates in a virtual area network (VAN) environment of connected virtual machines. A virtual firewall operates in two different modes Bridge mode Like a rotational firewall, this mode operates by diagnosing and monitoring all incoming and outgoing traffic bound for other virtual networks or machines.Hypocrites mode In contrast, this mode is isolated from the actual network, resides in the core hypocrites kernel and monitors the virtual host machines incoming and outgoing traffic. (Technophobia, Virtual Firewall, 2014) When placing all of the business information on a server along with all of the employee information the company will want it to be secure and readily available to use. When using a virtual server there is not complete control of the physical access of the database. On the other hand the information is no longer on easy specifiable physical systems.There are multiple layers of virtual securities. The data safeguards requirements are the same as a physical server. Information that requires more safeguards is available. Information can be encrypted, role based control, and secure in many ways. Cyber-attacks are all very real threats and can be protected against also. A firewall can encrypt data at the file system that the virtual machine then uses a much managed login procedure for added protection of data against compromise. Logs are also created for flavour jack on to see who, where, and when certain data was accessed.Different levels of securities will be used for different levels of data importance. Administration roles will have more securities on them than someone at the data entry level.

Operations Management: Technology and Operations Essay

Effective operations cutment is one of the most important factors relating to the sucess or in some cases failures of an organisation or smart set because markets are volatile and demand uncertain, it is imperative that organisations become more(prenominal) responsive (Christopher, M 2005142 ) Because of this organistaions are becoming heavily reliant on technology to achieve duties that simply, because of the scale of operations, are not efficient to do by hand . In order to remain competitive, organisations need to respond to the five main objectives of trading operations which are Speed, Flexibility, Dependability, quality and cost. The type of market is the decider of which of these objectives take priority.The aim of this assignment, using several dissimilar sources, is to provide an analysis of the technology available in different areas of operations and to provide a commentary on how they are acheiving the goals companies are employing them for.In the retail sector, t echnology is at the fore calculate of a smooth and productive operation. Customers will always see their time as a commodity therefore it is important that their experience at the stemma is as seamless as keep be. In this consumerist age that we live in, customers are demanding a lot more from retailers. For example customers expect that if they give their details once, they will be put down on the governance which eliminates the need for them to produce them again. One of the methods apply to aid this is the Electronic grade Of Sale system. Initially introduced to automatically tally the total of goods purchased, epos systems have evolved to be multifuntional and serve many purposes. Fashion jewellery retailer Swarovski are one of the many companys that use such a system. Initially, the programme used by Swarovski was a DOS based one called Retail Pro.By definition of RetailPro.Com (2011) Retail Pro provides retail package for point of sale and retail management that helps retailers around the world operate more effectively, with a greater return on their technology investment. This system however was not able to postulate with their expansion as a company and according to a member of staff in the I.T. Department it was becoming Increasingly difficult to manage and was requiring more human intervention than was justifiable for the price. (Stewart Pender. 2011).In May 2011, Swarovski swithched to a more advanced EPOS system that was able to efficiently manage their Point Of Sale (POS), Merchandising, Store operations and inventory control with a higher level efficiency and dependability at a lower cost. Micros was the new software introduced to Swarovski to improve efficiency and aid smoother operations. This new system also meant that their inventory control was now fully automated and linked directly to the EPOS. Micros intentional their Micros X-Store to be able to monitor stock levels.Once an occurrence is scanned on the EPOS sytem, unbeknowns t to the customer the system interacts with the SAP (a global computer system to which Swarovski have access) to communicate that the item has been sold, therefore stock levels are now down by one. This occurs in Swarovski everytime an item is sold up until the cut away time, which is monday afternoon. Once the afternoon comes, the Mircos X-Store system culminates all the data it has gathered over the week and works out the ideal quantity of each individual item to re order against current inventory levels.Once this has been done, the sytems sends the order to head office where it can then be forwarded to the warehouse for picking and delivery. The automated re ordering improves lead times and overall speed of stock replenishment times. Aside from the merchandising aspect, the Micros X-Store is capable of handling human resource functions. It can manage employee reproductivity reports, employee borrow function (temporarily assigning collegues to other stores) and organise and manag e customer reading.Working from a fully automated warehouse the SCP Sytem receives the orders and begins to work on store specific order fufilment . Firstly, the order goes through what is called the Schaefer Pack Pattern Generator (SPPG) which based on many complex alogarithyms, determines the optimum weight and height for the stainless pallate depending on the weight and amzingly stackability of the individual items in the order. By doing this, the SPPG can reduce the amount of pallates needing therefeore havign a direct positive impact on shipping and jinx costs.As well as all of this, the SPPG generates a pallate building plan. This plan enables the next system to pick the items in the most logical chronological sequence in relation to time and allows the items to be placed on the pallate in a store informal sequence. By organising items into a store friendly sequence, the person unloading the items at the store does not need to spend time wandering back and forth as the it ems would have been palatised in repute to the store.Already a seemingly small software package has had an incredible impact on the effectiveness , efficiency and cost by Fully utilising level best height and weight permittance by achieveing optimium packaging density Forecasting item positioning as to reduce damage to goods Positioning goods correctly for optimum stableness during transport. After the SPPG has done its job, another programme Schaefer Case Picking (SCP) sytem comes in. The SCP is an automated picking system that actualises the work of the SPPG. Once it has received teh orders from the SPPG, the SCP goes about selecting the goods in order.As aforementioned, the goods are selected in the most time effeicent was as to once again improve efficiency and reduce manual labour costs. As the sytems uses an optical denomination known as the vision system, there is no need for RFID Identification tags that are very common and popular in the industry, but can be rather expe nsive. As the goods are selected, they are placed into a buffer area until all the goods for that order have been selected. When selection is complete the items are then placed onto the pallet in the store friendly order as calculated by the SPPG. Once complete, the pallets are then stretch jailed which makes them optimised in terms of goods vs density and secure for transit.The flexibility they have means that the customers best interests are always kept at watch and they can avoid any disruption to service by having a multitude of couriers to choose from. One of the couriers that ASOS use is CitySprint. Based in the UK, CitySprint specialise in same and next day delivery. When an order is placed with ASOS, it is packaged by hand in the warehouse and taken to the collection point. Despite increasing automation, battalion are still essential in most operating systems. (Wild, R. 2005 243) From the minute it is picked up by the courier the customer has the option to track it from w arehouse to their front door. By scanning the bar code of the parcel, the courier is accepting the job and it is ready for despatch.As soon as the order has been despatched, the customer is e-mailed a incomparable tracking I.D., Which will allow them to follow the journey of their item(s). CourierLocator, which is CitySprints own technology, is what allows all of this to be possible. Every courier carries a small hand held GPS enabled artifice called a CityTrackker. Small but powerful, the CityTrackkers using CitySprint bespoke technology and a network of anywhere up to 24 satellites wirelessly transmits live real-time training on the couriers location (including latitude and longitude) back to the FleetMapper (A system that depicts the location of all on call couriers).On request, the client (in this case ASOS) can request information on several different couriers anywhere in the UK at the click of a mouse. This kind of technology also puts the customer at the forefront of opera tions. By logging onto either their ASOS account, or the CitySprint website directly, the customer is able to also see the exact real-time location of the courier delivering their parcel. With such methods, ASOS using CitySprints technology, is adult the customer more flexibility and a heightened sense of dependability by putting them in what seems to be control of the delivery process.

Human sexual behavior Essay

Sexual assault takes galore(postnominal) forms including attacks such as rape or attempted contacts or threats. Usually a arouseual assault occurs when someone touches you in a way, even through clothes, with away that persons consent. Some types of sexual assault imply forced sexual intercourse, sodomy, or fondling and attempted rape. Sexual assault in any form is often a devastating acquaintances, friends, or family members. Assailants displume sexual assault through manipulation, pressure or tricks.Drinking and sexual assault, alcohol is often a contributing factor in sexual assault. A perpetrator may even buy a person drinks to intentionally increase the chances of being manipulate the senses and their judgment. Even if we pick up a risk sign or trust them.Tisa advisable to avoid having sex when youve had a lot to drink, because even if you have a condom, youll be much less probably to use it correctly and therefore face a nonher consequence. Movies, television shows and mu sic are full of sex. It seems that the world is all about sex. Parents and students both need to agnise what is happening in the worlds and among themselves. Talking about sex seems like a good way to begin by educating our children of the rights and wrong of such sexual activity.When it baffle to children being involved with sexNow on child hollo cases, I believe that no single act such strong emotions as the act of child sexual abuse. Child molesters bottom not even find refuge in prisons where rapist and murderers are commonplace. These offenders are shut out in aspect of our society, yet there are no reasons as to the causes of this behavior.Sexual abuse of children is not new, and has not always been socially taboo. Back in the days it was a commonplace for adolescent males to be forced into sexual relationship with mature males.This behavior was normal and not objected to by the childs parents but sex with children in the modern era is alive and well, the power of an older person is so great that their young victim often neer tell of the horrors that they have experienced. It is just like the pedophiles who confessed that they insist that their behavior is not wrong. Because of the extreme sensitivity of this subject, research has been really difficult and quite hard to develop.In the case of the pedophiles in order for the community or society to go into further deepest they must first attempt to gain an understanding of WHY? Pedophiles can be classified into different categories by several issues, the most common of which are causation and victim-realtionship.Howerever pedophiles can be separated by those who sexually abuse members of their own family and those who abuse non family members.The reasons rapists are going free is when forget the men and woman of our world be able to live their lives without being raped by another person? I feel many men and woman are getting away with harming another person through sexual resistance without their p ermission. Men as well as woman can be raped, but fewer men get out the police about it they would rather throttle it under because they are being criticized for being weak which are untrue. Both, men and woman are the scary thing is that there is a possibility that their cases will not be product of their rape kits are not being processed efficiently. These are the ones that are not being brought to trail.Going back to the Megans Law when people think of their neighbors, do they think of violent sex crimes? Many people have to deal with this everyday of life. There are no laws forcing people of a community when a sex crime offender moves into their town. Said to keep violent sex crimes offenders from staking again, but do we ask ourselves this questions? The resolution all depends on the opinion of the person who is being asked. Many supporters of the Megans law say that the law is keeping some predators from striking again, but many critics says that the laws is unethical and m any agreements come from that. This is another question proposed when the topic of sexual offenders brought up, is it breaking any of the amendments or is it necessary for co workers to know whether a sex crime offender is living in their neighbors.Are you a juvenile or an adult?Megans law makes this question very complicated. Some times we might think we are juveniles, but by law we can be and treated as an adult. At the age of 13, you can go to some health clinics and get some medical treatments and testing done without your parents permission, such as pregnancy, alcohol/drug, and sexual transmitted diseases. some of the time, if you are under 18, you need your parents permission, unless you are married, or in the military.At 15 you can get a special permit to drive with a legal guardian, but if you break a traffic law you are considered an adult if you commit crime, such as killing, drug related, rape, repeated offenses, or stealth a car.If you are under 18, and are picked up by a police officer and taken to juvenile court, a juvenile officer will decide how to handle your case. Then a juvenile judge hears the evidence with you and your parents. The judge studies the whole complete picture of you, and your crime, and then decides as to whether or not your case will be held in juvenile Court or in Adult Court. If your cases are held in Juvenile Court and you are put guilty, and since he has made a complete study of you and your case, he will be the one to decide how and what will happen to you. If you are tired as an adult and found guilty, naturally the punishment will be more severe.

Devoted and Helpful Essay

We all have that nonpareil person whom we regard highly of. That person we look up to as a constituent model. But what is a role model? A role model would be someone who is devoted in intimately aspects of life to achieve success in the future and always willing to be help usually non caring what the task is. We do non necessarily see this person as particularly perfect but just a good goal of whom we hope to become someday. My sister Priscinda is my role model and she has these traits that I find admirable being devoted and helpful.Why is being devoted and helpful qualities seen in someone whom we should regard highly of? The apprehension being is that being devoted is someone who is very loyal and loving that one person who has dedicated there time to another. Being devoted government agency commitment, putting others needs before oneself, trusting one another. Can we imagine a life without devotion? No commitment, no follow-through, no grounding in what really matters. Mayb e thats how most people live losing their center in the face of compelling people and situations, not taking the time to hypothecate on what is important to themselves. Along with devotion you must also be helpful, we were all taught to help others when we were young. Helpful is being able to help others without expecting anything in offspring and just doing it out of the kindness of a persons heart.It is a value that parents and teachers have been sharing for ages. Yet, sometimes we get so focused in our own world that we do not always go out of our way to help others we just have overly much on our minds and too much on our plates to even bother what others are doing. Being devoted and helpful is of such importance in a person because without these people we would not have anyone to look up to and we would live in a selfish world. Moreover,one person whom I know that exemplifies these traits best is my older sister Priscinda. She is one person that I know best at being devoted whether itsschool, work, family she is the one to stay committed to be able to succeed.

Computerisation in a business like Craven Plc Essay

Plotters A device designed to produce charts, drawings, maps and other forms of graphical information on paper. The images screwing be produced by pens, electro-statically, or ink jets. Storage Methods There ar two contrary forms of storehouse available these are main storage and accompaniment storage. Main Storage This consists of the Hard turn drive (HDD) and the floppy disk drive. These are storage facilities present within the com regulariseing device. Information can be saved onto the HDD ready to be opened at some future date. Application software packages and programmes are also stored on the hard disk.The average PC will have an internal HDD of at to the lowest degree 6Gb. The floppy disk drive is another type of main storage. It uses floppy disks to store information in a similar way to a hard drive. Backing Storage The performance of a computer system can be improved by the addition of more memory. If there is too unforesightful memory then more frequent access to the hard disk is required and this will tardily down the overall system performance. Therefore many computer applications require quick, direct access to exclusive records within a file. For this reason, we need backing storage.Backing storage comes in various forms for example mash disks and floppy disks. Backing storage is a portable and convenient way of saving information. To reduce the risk of exposure of data loss it is wise to save information on the computers hard drive and make a copy onto a disk or another type of backing storage for insurance purposes. Types of backing storage Floppy disks The most common storage device available, these provide extremely cheap storage and have a capacity of 1. 5 Mb. Compact Disk (CD-ROM) These have been apply for some eld as storage devices for computer software.It only accesses information which is already stored on it and is able to store 650 Mb of information. Zip motilitys A storage device that has become popular over the last few years because it offers the convenience and portability of a floppy disk, combined with a 100 Mb capacity. CD-R and CD-RWThe difference universe that CD-R disks can only have data saved to them once, While CD-RW can be used in the same manner as other storage devices having data saved to them on a re-usable basis. DVD (digital versatile disc) using the same basic principles as the CD, DVD packs the data more densely and can store 4.7Gb compared with the CDs 650Mg, can hold 133 minutes of video, with Dolby surround sound. Data pens A pertly storage device that plugs into the computers USP drive. These are grim and compact and have a capacity of 80Mb. magnetized Tape Convenient and cheap medium for backing up hard disks onto computers. Mostly used for mainframe computers for storing information for a long duration. Magnetic tapes will not be suitable for a small company corresponding Craven Plc. Data Protection Craven Plc must comply with the data security measure act in order to hold personal information of customers.The data protection act whole kit in two ways. It gives you certain rights. It also says those who record and use personal information must be open about how the information is used and must follow the eight principles for good handling. The eight principles were put in place to make sure that your information is handled properly. They say that data must be 1. sensibly and lawfully processed. 2. Processed for limited purposes. 3. Adequate, relevant and not excessive. 4. Accurate. 5. Not kept for longer than is necessary. 6. Processed in line with your rights. 7. Secure, and 8.Not transferred to countries without adequate protection. Micro computers Micro computers include personal computers and laptop computers, they are ordinarily equipped with hard disk, floppy disk drive, mingled with 1 and 32 megabytes of memory, a keyboard and a visual display unit unit. Microcomputers will be suitable to fulfil the needs of Craven Plc. Mainf rame Computers These are large systems that can hold vast amounts of data. Mainframe computers occupy a whole floor of a fair size building. These powerful mainframe computers are present in very large companies storing huge amounts of data on to disk.Mainframe computers cost tens of thousands of pounds, therefore they are not suitable for a small business like Craven Plc. File Server This is a specially configured microcomputer to control the exchange of files between network users. A file server also has more memory and disk storage than standard microcomputers. These classifications of computers are usually based on physical size, speed, processing capabilities, memory size, disc storage, capacities and cost. Direct and consecutive Access Direct access devices can go directly to the file or record. For example a CD can go directly to track number 10.Sequential access devices have to reappearance through the file sequentially, for instance, if we want track 10 on a cassette, T he cassette moves from the beginning from track 1 to 9 until it comes to track 10. 4) Proposed purchases and prices of equipment 2x Sony Intel 2. 6GHZ DVD CDRW Laptop 256Mb RAM, 40Gb Hard Drive DVD/CDRW Drive 15 edge TPT screen i 899 each = i 1798 4x Packard Bell 6111 Intel Pentium 42. 8GHZ processor and 15 TFT monitor Intel P4 2. 8 gigacycle processor 512 Mb RAM 160 GHb Hard Drive i 1199 each =i 4796 4x PacKard Bell 5050 and Xp2600+ PC and 17 CRT monitor Athlon Xp 2600 & processor 256Mb RAM.60 Gb hard Drive i 549 each =i 2196 4x Hewlet Packard DJ 9300 A3 Desktop printer i 279 each =i 1116 3x Hewlet Packard electronic scanner i 99 each =i 396 Network- Windows 2000 professional i 3449 Web Designer Approx 3000to4000 Training be i 2000 Specialist soft ware Sage Accounts i 2000 Web Train Video Conferencing i 1000 Total cost i 22751 5) Proposed method of change over from manual to the freshly computerised systems sooner the change over can take place an extensive instruction prog ramme needs to take place. This may take several months to train the current workforce in the correct operating procedures of the new system.To ensure information will not be lost in transition the old manual method needs to be in place for the first 2 months along side the new computerised system. In the unlikely case of system collapse information and data will still be on hand. This change over will inevitably endure a small cost of training and staff development. 6) Procedure to transfer the payroll from the old to the new system Payroll is something Craven Plc cannot cede to get wrong. Therefore manual systems need to be in place for 3-4 months along side the new computerised sage accounts system. This will again ensure against loss of data.

An Analysis of Marriage in Pride and Prejudice Essay

roughly two centuries after Jane Austen penned Pride and Prejudice to paper the attribute that most grabs your attention is the wonderful familiarity make up in the characters. You know these people. You be already acquainted with these characters because you see mirrored in Austens characters the real men and women you summate into contact with alwaysy day. You yourself have lived through the similarities of alliances such as those that come to bread and butter within the pages of this novel. This is all too familiar territory.Pride and Prejudice is simply a look at spousal and elationships as they actually were in Jane Austens society, a view that still holds authoritative today. Of the quintet main espousals presented in this novel each race is unique yet realistic. These five marriages have their suffer contrasting qualities which reveal some insight into the thoughts and opinions of Austen on the subject of marriage and relationships.Clearly Jane Austen views the ma rriage between Jane bennet and Mr. Bingley as one of two examples of a boffo relationship. Austen expresses this opinion through Elizabeth in Chapter 55 of Pride and Prejudice by writing Elizabeth really believed all his Mr.Bingley expectations of felicity, to be rationally formed, because they had for basis the resplendent understanding, and super-excellent disposition of Jane, and a oecumenic similarity of feeling and taste between her and himself. (328) However, Austen does see a meek flaw in their relationship. She points out that both characters be too good hearted and too trusting to ever act strongly against any social function. (Douthan, 3)Also found in Chapter 55 of this novel, Austen writes of this situation through Mr. bennet stating You are each of you so complying, that nothing will ever be resolved on so easy, that every servant will cheat you and so generous, that you will always exceed your income. (329) The union between Lydia Bennet and Mr. Wickham is a p ortrayal of a poor marriage. The foundation of their marriage is solely found on appearances, new-made exuberance and vanity. Their marriage is based on a foundation that crumbles once these qualities are no eight-day visible in one by the other. This catchs apparent when the relationship begins to slowly fade.Lydia and Mr.Wickhams marriage step by step becomes indifferent and Lydia becomes a regular visitor at the homes of her two elder sisters when her husband was gone to enrapture himself in London or Bath. (366) Clearly Austen illustrates through this example that marriages which are hastily planned and are based on shallow qualities often lead to unhappiness. Even though there is little verbalize as to how Mr. Bennet and Mrs. Bennet met and became married, it can be gathered by their various conversations that their relationship may have been similar to that of Lydia and Mr. Wickham. whizz similarity between Mr. Bennet and Mrs.Bennets relationship and the relationship of Lydia and Mr. Wickham appears in the favoritism Mrs. Bennet shows toward Lydia. Mrs. Bennets comments regarding how she was once as lively as Lydia are further proof. (30) It can also be presumed that Mr. Bennet married a woman who he found to be sexually attractive without giving regard to her intelligence or their similarities in personality and compatibility.This is a fate that he evidently did not want to fall upon his daughters. His feelings on this are revealed with his comment to Elizabeth in Chapter 20 when he addresses her regarding the proposal of Mr.Collins and Elizabeths decision to refuse this proposal. In this occurrence Mr. Bennet tells Elizabeth An unhappy alternative is before you, Elizabeth. From this day you must be a stranger to one of your parents. Your make will neer see you again if you do not marry Mr. Collins, and I will never see you again if you do. (109-10) With this occurrence Austen divulges her stance, giving reason to believe she feels it is ne cessary to use good belief when selecting a spouse and provides insight into her feelings about true love and its place in a successful marriage.Another marriage found in Pride and Prejudice, quite different in nature that the other marriages of this novel, is the marriage between Charlotte Lucas and Mr. Collins. Theirs is a marriage based on economics rather than emotions or appearance. Austen successfully portrays Charlotte as many women of Austens time period were, as one who believed that she had to marry to gain pecuniary security even at the risk of being miserable. (Pemberley. com) Inequality between genders appears to be embellished somewhat by Austen and gives the base that those women who submit themselves to this type of marriage often times will suffer in awing silence.A tormented silence that Austen points out Charlotte experiences in Chapter 28 When Mr. Collins said any thing of which his wife might reasonably be ashamed, which certainly was not unseldom, she Eliz abeth involuntarily turned her eye on Charlotte. Once or twice she could discern a faint blush but in general Charlotte wisely did not hear. (154) With this statement Austen reveals Charlottes silent misery and furthermore gives credibility to the idea that her marriage was not based on mutual feeling and admiration. The last example of marriage is that of Elizabeth Bennet and Mr.Darcy.Theirs is a relationship that unveils the attributes that form a truly successful marriage and the second such marriage of this novel. One of these attributes is the absence of prejudice in a relationship. The development of the relationship between Elizabeth and Mr. Darcy proves that feelings cannot be created due to appearances and must progress steadily between two people as they come to know one other. Elizabeth and Mr. Darcy were, at first, detached from one another due to their own initial prejudices that were formed up their first encounter. Austen, 13-14) through and through time, however, t hey were given the opportunity to overcome their first impressions, understand one another and re-evaluate their feelings for the other. (Douthan, 2-3) Thus, the foundation of their successful relationship is a result of their mutual understanding and affords them a happy and lasting marriage. With the relationship between Elizabeth and Mr. Darcy, Austen exposes another attribute necessary in a successful marriage and that is the importance of taking the time to become fully acquainted with a person and being certain of your feelings and compatibility before marrying.These five marriages contribute to the idea that Jane Austen felt it takes time to build a foundation for a successful marriage and that any successful marriage should be based on mutual feelings, understanding and respect. Clearly, in Pride and Prejudice, Austen condemns the social elements of marriage that she found objectionable such as marriages that were impulsively entered in to as well as those based on superfici al qualities and economic reasons, but she also described those relationships in a manner that was true to bearing.Sir Walter Scott said it best when he wrote these words about Jane Austen That young lady has a talent for describing the involvements of feelings and characters of indifferent life which is to me the most wonderful I ever met with. (Bender, et. al. , 125-26) Perhaps this is why Austens characters seem to come alive to readers, this is not a write up driven by agendas or politics it is a story about people, drawn from true reality and one that commemorates all the chaotic details of real life and real relationships then and now.

Gadgets For The Youth: Beneficial Or Not Essay

I. HISTORICAL BACKGROUNDA whatsis is a sm completely mechanism such as a machine that has a particular function, plainly is often thought of as a novelty. Gad suffers argon some sentences referred to as gizmos. The origins of the password gad constitute trace back to the 19th century. fit in to the Oxford English Dictionary, there is anecdotal ( non necessarily veritable) evidence for the utilization of gadget as a procurator name for a technical item whose precise name one scum bagt hatch since the 1850s with Robert Browns 1886 entertain Spunyarn and Spindrift, A sailor boys log of a sail push through and lieu in a China tea-clipper containing the earliest known habit in print. The etymology of the word is disputed. A widely circulated story h old(a)s that the word gadget was invented when Gaget, Gauthier & Cie, the comp both behind the repouss construction of the Statue of Liberty (1886), do a pocket-sized-scale version of the monument and named it after their firm however this contradicts the evidence that the word was already employ before in nautical circles, and the fact that it did non become popular, at least in the USA, until after World War I.Other sources cite a derivation from the French gchette which has been utilise to various pieces of a firing mechanism, or the French gage, a small tool or accessory. The October 1918 issue of Notes and Queries contains a multi-article entry on the word gadget (12 S. iv. 187). H. Tapley-Soper of The City Library, Exeter, writes A discussion arose at the Plymouth meeting of the Devonshire Association in 1916 when it was suggested that this word should be recorded in the list of local vocal provincialisms. Several members dissented from its inclusion on the ground that it is in common use throughout the country and a naval transfericer who was present said that it has for familys been a popular expression in the profit for a tool or implement, the exact name of which is unknown or has for th e moment been forgotten. I capture also frequently heard it applied by motor-cycle friends to the collection of fitments to be turn aroundn on motor cycles. His moustachio ar smothered in gadgets refers to such things as speedometers, mirrors, levers, badges, mascots, &c., attached to the steering handles.The jigger or short- abatement utilize in billiards is also often called a gadget and the name has been applied by local platelayers to the estimate employ to test the accuracy of their written report. In fact, to borrow from present-day Army slang, gadget isapplied to any old thing. The usage of the call in military parlance extended beyond the navy. In the book Above the Battle by Vivian Drake, published in 1918 by D. orchard apple treeton & Co., of New York and London, being the memoirs of a buffer store in the British Royal Flying Corps, there is the following passage Our ennui was occasionally eased by youthful gadgets gadget is the Flying Corps slang for blind So me gadgets were good, some jovial and some extraordinary. By the second half of the twentieth century, the term gadget had taken on the connotations of immersion and mobility. In the 1965 essay The Great Gizmo (a term used interchangeably with gadget throughout the essay), the architectural and design critic Reyner Banham defines the item as A characteristic class of US productsperhaps the approximately characteristicis a small self-contained unit of high performance in relation to its coat and cost, whose function is to transform some undifferentiated coterie of circumstances to a condition ne arr merciful desires.The minimum of skills is required in its installation and use, and it is independent of any physical or social cornerstone beyond that by which it may be ordered from catalogue and delivered to its prospective exploiter. A class of servants to humans deficiencys, these clip-on devices, these portable gadgets, chip in changeed Ameri displace thought and litiga te far to a greater extent deepI suspectthan is comm solitary(prenominal) understood. People were using gadgets since the beginning of history. These devices that ar created by people dress their life fracture and full up their bellies. They feel let humanity learn the basics of sciences and applied science and lead us to this level of development.At the very beginning people where gathering berries, plants roots, fruits and vegetables they were finding to kick in themselves. Then they started hunting using sticks and rocks to kill animals. So the best gadget created at that time was a simple bow. Bow hunters were the just about successful and they also used bows to protect themselves from other people. This would be the easily-nigh popular gadget on dig if only they had dig back then(prenominal). Well, the problem is that they did not give any social networks because they did not have Internet they where only planning on creating something like that, but I am sure they were discussing this news very much.Later on, ages later, when humans dealed to carry hefty englut they have justdesigned wheel. Why so late? They just did not impoverishment it earlier. However, the result of their wheel creation we have cars and all the things that use round things. For example watches have set up wheels, our cars have wheels, almost of mechanical devices have something that looks and functions like wheels. This all is great but what do you do when you need to till your fields and plant some crops on it? You buy some John cervid tractors and do that, or even hire other people to do that. However, farming began with working on your own land with your own hands and no John Deer. They were also pulled by bulls and not midland combustion engines like we use now. When they created the plow gadget it was revolution in farming. Imagine if they had created a gadget that would multiply your harvest today.That would be a great solution to those starving people in te rzetto world countries. The plows cost a fortune back then but every farmer conceive of of having one of those. One more revolution gadget that had changed the world back then is their Laptop. It has nothing to do with Mac, Sony Via, HP those brands did not even exist back then. I know these Laptops make millions calculations per second, however the initiatory one was capable of making about 1 to 10 calculations per minute. Its name is Abacus the kickoff non electronic determine frame this is what humans used to convert how much of their money it allow cost them to buy an iphone and how legion(predicate) ears they had to earn money for that.II. CAUSE AND EFFECTA. CAUSESNeed to useIt may be a need due to homework and to socialize or communicate with relatives.To entertain oneselfBecause of the different gadgets applications that are occurring nowadays, teenagers prefer to use their leisure time to play games, read e-books, take pictures, listen to the music, and browse social networking sites that are installed in a specific gadget. B. EFFECTSIncrease in StressWork in office is acquire stressful now-a-days. This is not just because of the work pressure, but it is also because of continuous exposure of your marrows to gadgets. It is not good for the eyes. You will be able to see the gadgets for long, but without your consciousness, the eyes are strained which makes a silent increase in stress in your brain and body.Physical and Internal Organ DisordersGadgets locked us before it. We have reached a stage that nothing arouse be done without gadgets. Yes of course, it is becoming true or it has been do to become true. We humans are responsible for it because we create it, we use it. Most of the diseases are because of less(prenominal) physical employment.Diabetes is becoming common even at early age. Less physical activity plays a vital role in getting diabetes. Do not think diabetes is just a single disease. Its the gate flair for all other internal or gan malfunction and fatal disorders. one time we are locked before gadgets, we do not (or rearnot) do any physical activity which makes your physical physical fitness to get worse.Obesity is becoming an alarming issue. It may be because of bad habits of food culture, but less physical activity makes it worse. Gadget-users are addicted to junk foods because it can be edible at their work table itself. Since they are addicted to gadgets, they just take those junk foods, sit in without burning the calories and apparently adding up of fat resulting to obesity, indigestion, gas trouble, diabetes and even nerve marrow attack.Hearing disabilityMP3 players, iPods and mobile phones are used to hear music. But using these gadgets continuously has become a trend in youth. Hearing disabilities are increasing in modernsters. We can see most of the youngsters are roaming with their headphones plugged in ear. Continuous usage of headphones will make their ear drum become less sensitive to s ound and at a point of time we may completely loss our hearing.NervousnessMusic can be used as a method to get relaxed. But not all kinds of music will ignore stress. Only few types of music will reduce stress. Hearing rock and pop music will not reduce stress. After long hours of work while returning home most of them are used to plug in their headphones and listen to music to get relaxed. But it really irritates your brain.Hearing is not related only with ears. It is related with brain too. headspring processes the sound waves and makes it hear. So listening to music require your brain to process the sound to make you hear which makes your brain to keep on processing without rest which in turn can create nervousness. If this kind of habit continues it may be fatigue.Damage of Brain cellular phones due to Mobile Phone RadiationAs we all know mobile phone light beam are harmful to health, but bland we use it, because it has become like a second heart in our day to day life. Wh en used for long hours, it creates pain in our ears and when this condition happens daily then we may suffer from hearing disability and damage of brain cells. textbook Messaging SyndromeTexting is a new word used for Text Messaging. Re positron emission tomographyitive or continuous use of mobile phones for text put across or playing games will lead to pain in fingers. And this may be called as Text Messaging Syndrome. This will weaken the nerves of all your fingers and make them stiff not allowing your fingers to move easily.III. VERSIONS AND MODELSA. paltry UNITS1994 The lord PlayStationThe PlayStation was Sonys graduation custom big video game success. PlayStation was the first video game ease to ship 100 million units after 9 years and 6 months of its initial launch.1996 Nintendo 64Nintendo 64 was the successor to the highly popular Super Nintendo. The game system give birthd a unique mastery and was released with two launch games, Super Mario 64 and Pilotwings 64. N64 retailed for $199.What was happening in 1996 Tupac Shakur was killed in a drive-by shooting in Las Vegas and child beauty queen JonBenet Ramsey was found dead in her basement.1996 Motorola StarTACThe StarTAC was the first clamshell phone released. The StarTAC was among the first mobile phones to gain widespread consumer adoption 60 million StarTACs were sold. Some key features of the Motorola StarTAC wereSMS text messages, although only the later digital models had the capability to send messages. It could use an optional lithium-ion battery, at a time when most phones were restricted to lower capacity NiMH batteries. Was one of the first cellular phones to introduce vibrate alert as an alternative to a ringtone. 1996 The first DVDThe first DVD players and discs were available in November 1996 in lacquer and March 1997 in the United States. DVDs revolutionized the way we viewed movies and acted with personal media. By 2003 DVD sales and rentals topped those of VHS during the work week of June 15, 2003 (27.7M rentals DVD vs. 27.3M rentals VHS in the U.S.).1996 The current TamagotchiTamagotchi is a keychain-sized virtual pet simulation game. Users took care of a pet by virtually feeding it and walking it, just like a real animal. The game was extremely popular. As of 2010, more 76 million Tamagotchis have been sold worldwide.1997 Nokia 6110It seems like everyone had this classic phone from Nokia.The Nokia 6110 had ternion games including memory, logic, and the iconic Snake. It also had several other apps that seemed revolutionary at the time, such as a calendar and a currency converter. The removable front cover meant you could customize your phone with a variety of color options.1997 AIMWhile AIM is not a gadget, it was an amazing piece of software thats still widely used today. The software, maintained by AOL, Inc., at one time had the largest share of the instant pass on market in North America, especially in the United States (with 52% of the total repo rted as of 2006).In March 1996, the Buddy List was opened up to AOL subscribers running Windows 95. The buddy List feature became available to Mac users sometime in late 1996 to mid 1997. The standalone AIM became available to non-subscribers in 1998.1999 NapsterNapster is not a gadget either, but this platform changed the way the public viewed music and file-sharing. Napster was originally founded as a pioneering peer-to-peer file sharing Internet service that emphasized sharing audio files typically music encoded in MP3 format. Although the original service was shut down by court order, the Napster brand survived after the companys assets were liquidated and purchased by other companies through bankruptcy proceedings. Rhapsody now owns Napster.2000 The Nokia 3310The 3310 is known for having many features that were rare for the time. These included many utilities, such as a calculator, Nokia network monitor, stopwatch and a reminder function. It had four games Snake II, Pairs II, lay Impact, and Bantumi The phone was popular for text messaging because it allowed long messages three times the size of a monetary standard text message (459 characters). It also featured threaded SMS writing called SMS Chat. The phone also had voice dialing for the chop-chop dialing of selected numbers.2001 Original XboxThe Xbox was Microsofts first video game console after collaborating with Sega to port Windows CE to the Dreamcast console. Microsoft repeatedly delayed the console, which was first mentioned publicly in late 1999 during interviews with Microsofts then-CEO Bill Gates. Gates stated that a gaming/multimedia device was essential for multimedia convergence in the new times.2001 the first iPodThe first iPod sported at 5 GB hard drive, long battery, and could hold 1,000 songs in your pocket. It only worked on Macs. The original iPod retailed for $399. It was received with much skepticism, but eventually changed the way everyone listened to their music.2004 The Motor ola RAZRThe Motorola RAZRs futuristic appearance was one of its most impressive features. The flip phone, just half an inch wide, was thin enough to fit in a back pocket. It was also very light at just 3.4 oz. The original RAZR was only available with an aluminum alloy, though later models offered metallic colors like red and blue.B. HIGH MODELSGoogle GlassAnyway, these futuristic eyeglasses are currently in Beta with some high profile geeks posting pictures of them wearing a pair on their Twitter accounts. Enabling you to interact with the world around you in a wholly different way, Google Glass lets you get info from the web and take pictures using voice commands. You just might look an idiot wearing a pair in the next 12 months, before it takes off and everyone has them.Smart watchesHot on the heels of the Pebble and Samsung Galaxy Gear smart watches, will surely come newer and more innovative mobile-linked wrist pieces. In fact, at the 2014 Mobile World Congress expo, were bo und to see loads of the things in a concept stage. But 2014 will be the year Apple launches one. Or maybe it wont. Both of which would be a big story. The first would show the potential advocate of these products and the second would dismiss the idea as a fad if a company like Apple fails to take up the gauntlet. No doubt, in time, well discover which one.Wearable techSimilarly, 2014 will be the year of technology that you wear and not just on your wrist or nose. The whole sector looks set to increase throughout our lives on the back of the growing trend for wearable fitness devices that track exercise progress and healthy living. Expect to see products built into clothing as thoroughly as stuff you can physically wear yourself.Big screen Apple TVWell, its been talked about since 2012 and we are still none the wiser. Butit would make sense to enter that market and take on rivals Samsung and Sony. A touch screen telly backed by iOS and all of Apples apps and games would be a massi ve disrupter in the TV space. However, it would surely cost a premium price and that marks out one major issue for the US giant as it battles to extend mainstream reach of the iPhone and iPad. Internet of thingsThis catch-all term for appliances in our home lecture to each other is yet another buzzword but it will come further to fruition in 2014. It speaks of a world where washing machines, fridges, kettles and ovens connect to the profit and can be controlled via mobile phones or tablet computers. iPhone 6The next yearly update for Apples flagship product will be crucial. With the 5S bridging the gap with its fingerprint reader, it will take a huge flip-flop in technology and design for the iPhone 6 to really garner positive headlines and satisfy investors. Apple commonly has a trick or two up its sleeve but facing stiff emulation now in the Smartphone space, it will have to conjure up the sort of magic that set the original iPhone apart from the rest.Electric carsFrom the Nis san LEAF to the BMW i3, 2013 started to bring electric cars more to the middle of the road. As more charging points are rolled out across the country in 2014, expect the interest in these motors to increase. As well as helping the environment, they keep the cost of driving low with no need for petrol or diesel. All you do is plug them in overnight and off you go in the morning. Of course, you have a limited range but theyre great for local and short hopper journeys.Gaming takes centre stageAs the Xbox One and PlayStation 4 begin to take hold in our living rooms, all eyes will be on new gaming experiences being created for them. With more power and better graphics, were expecting some developments that really push the boundaries of immersive entertainment crossed with gaming experiences. If we dont get them though in the next 12 months, thatll bethe final nail in the coffin for the traditional-style home console we used to know and love.4K TVsWhen we switched from normal telly to hig h-definition, the change in picture quality was massive. forthwith imagine taking that up a few notches further and moving from HD to Ultra HD or 4K. 2014 should be the year these screens start their extension into the mainstream with prices lowering enough to make them affordable for early adopters. It wont be until late 2015 that these will be within reach of us all but in the meantime, along with thinner and even curved TV screens, this is a trend to watch.B. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGESADVANTAGESA. Youths lifestyleHealth Persistent use of high-tech gadgetry can lead to a slew of health problems for young and old alike. A sedentary lifestyle discourages exercise and encourages obesity. The back-lit screens used for computers, iPhones and video games can cause eye problems. Walking around everywhere with music blaring directly into your ears brings on headaches and hearing difficulties. The net government issue of all these things, plus the pressure of immediate responses to e verything, can become stressful. Your Brain In The Mail Online, brain doctor Susan Greenfield says that gadgets use changes our brains and not always for the better.Just thinking about doing something such as performing an action in a video game affects your brain nearly as strongly as genuinely doing it. There is circumstantial evidence linking a rise in Attention Deficit Disorder with increase use of video games, causing many scientists to worry that children may do permanent harm to their brains by spending too much time interacting with such gadgets.B. Youths academician PerformanceEasy Access to tuition It has become very easy to get access to relevant entropy at any time anywhere. Lots of data is being published and indexed online, sites like Wikipedia and YouTube have great original content which can be used in research or entertainment. Information is power, andthose who find information and use it well always succeed. With smart gadgets like the ipad , iphone , galax y tablet , users can easily have access to information through these smart gadgets because they use internet. So a user on a train can easily read breaking news while traveling, they can also buy and sell stocks while in the bedroom using the internet.These smart gadgets make it easy to access internet and this simplifies the way we get information. Convenience in Education Learning is a process and it is part of our daily lives. Gadgets have made it simple for students to learn from anywhere through online education and mobile education. overly students now use gadgets in classrooms to learn better. For example, students use ipads to share visual lessons and examples with peers in the classroom. This has made development more convenient and fan. Also new modern educational gadgets support individual learning which gives a chance to students to learn on their own with no need of tutors.C. Youths mixer LifeImproved communication Communication is like pee to life. We cannot develo p without communication. Gadgets have blessed us with advanced communication technology tools. These can include electronic mail, mobile phones, videoconferencing, instant text messaging applications, social networking applications. All these modern communication technology tools have simplified the way humans and businesses communicate. I can easily talk to my relative oversees using a mobile phone or video chatting services like Skype. Improved Entertainment Gadgets have compete a big role in changing the entertainment industry. Home entertainment has improved with the invention of video games and advance music and visual systems like smart televisions which can connect live to internet so that a user can share what theyre watching with friends.Easy access and reposition of music, services like iTunes allow users to purchase and download music on their ipods at a small cost, this is a win win situation for both musicians and the users. Because musicians can easily sell their mu sic via iTunes and the user can also have a wide selection of which music to buy without having troubles of going to a physical music store. Social Networking Gadgets with the use of internet have made it simple to discover our old friends and also discover new people to network with. This is a benefit to both individualsand businesses. Many businesses have embraced the social networking technology to interact with their customers. Users of social networks can share information with friends, live chat with them and interact in all sorts of ways.DISADVANTAGES OF MODERN TECHNOLOGYA. Youths LifestyleStudents tend to be lazy, because they are too quick exploring and playing the games on their gadgets, and because of that, they have no more time doing for household chores, doing their homework and going to church.B. Youths Academic PerformanceCompetency Increased dependency on modern tools like calculators has reduced on our creativity. You can find a student when they can solve a very simple mathematical equality without using a calculator. This affects the way this student uses their brains and reduces on the level of creativity. Social Networking Students who use their computers or cell phones to participate in social networking sites may post material considered inappropriate by school authorities. They may also develop an unfavorable reputation based on those pictures or comments. Pictures of misbehavior can adversely affect their chances of getting into the university of their choice or of getting a job. Addictions It is easy to become addicted to gaming, texting, talking on the phone or socializing online. Some students may attempt to do this in class, which disrupts their learning, and at home it detracts from study time. Kids putting in long hours on their gadgets will give less heed to assignments and may be irritable when they are away from their gadgets. They might also sleep less, which can thudding down their thinking the next day.C. Youths Soc ial LifeIncreased loneliness Social isolation is on the increase, people are spending more time playing video games, learning how to use new modern technologies, using social networks and they neglect their real life. Technology has replaced our old way of interacting. If a user can easily interact with 100 friends online, they will feel no need to going out to make real friends which at a later stage leads to loneliness.